Richmond is located in South West London and is one of the most affluent London boroughs. It is the second smallest borough within London and is home to an estimated 202,141 residents.
Richmond boasts the longest stretch of the River Thames which runs for over 10 miles through the borough, linking Hampton Court Palace, Richmond Town centre and Kew Gardens with London. There are over 100 parks which take up a great deal of the borough and include Richmond Park, Bushy Park, Kew Gardens and Hampton Court Park.
Population of Richmond in 2021 was 195,300. By 2034, the borough’s population will rise to 206,080 with the biggest increase seen within the 80+ year old age group.
The largest ethnic group in Richmond are those identifying as White British. Almost 1 in 6 identify as Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME), a lower proportion than is seen in London and outer London. BAME population is younger with a higher proportion of children and fewer seniors. Richmond’s children’s population is 21% BAME vs. 16% BAME in the overall population.
During the last 10 years, 150,169 people moved into the Borough from other areas of the UK. 152,833 moved out (net=-2664), a further 20,773 international migrants moved out and 23,778 people moved in (3,005). During the same time period there were 30,223 births and 12,979 deaths for a net natural change of +17,244. Population increase was driven by Richmond having the second highest rate of natural change (more births than deaths) in London, and net positive international migration.
Overall, the international migration into Richmond has been decreasing. The highest number of non-UK born population locally was born in Ireland (n=3,295), South Africa (n=2,671), US (n=2,621), India (n=2,412), Germany (n=2,335) and Australia (n=2,125). In recent years, working-age international arrivals have tended to be European with the highest number of National Insurance Numbers (NINos) registered to adult non-UK during 2018/19, were to Italians (n=196), Romanians (n=150), Spanish (n=122) and Turkish (n=115). Non-UK born residents make up 15% of the population.
As the population is older, the majority of residents are married or in civil partnerships, and compared to London, there are slightly fewer households that have any children. Almost 1 in 3 residents live alone and almost half of Richmond residents own their property with a mortgage and 1 in 3 own their property outright. The median house price in the borough is £650,000, 6th highest in London and the average weekly earnings of a full-time working resident is £820.20 per week, second highest in London and third highest in England.
Fertility is dropping across UK and the developed world, and this trend has been seen locally in recent years. Over 60% of the children born in Richmond are born to UK born mothers (60.2% in Richmond, in comparison with a 43% in London and 71% in England and Wales 1.
Richmond has one of the most highly educated populations in the country with 1 in 3 residents are educated to a degree level or above. Pupils attending schools in Richmond achieve above and beyond the London and England average in terms of educational attainment.
Employment rates in the borough exceeded that of London and England at 79%. Residents are much more likely to be managers, professionals and in technical jobs (72.5%) compared to London. 58.1% work part-time, are self-employed or work in the private sector.
Richmond has remained within the least deprived 1st quartile of London local authorities, ranking 1st out of 33 in 2019, similar to 2015, with higher ranking (33rd) being the most deprived. Richmond has no areas that are among the 10% most deprived in the country. Richmond ranks amongst the least deprived boroughs in London for five of the seven deprivation domains (Income; Employment; Education, Skills & Training; Barriers to Housing & Services and Education).
Richmond performs well compared to other London boroughs for most indicators such low pay with a poverty rate of 15%, the lowest in London. Only 1 in 10 employed residents earn less than the London Living wage and those working full-time earned £43,118 in 2019. This was higher than the England average of £30,667, as well as the London and Inner London earnings of £38,992 and £42,667 respectively.
In November 2018, 0.5% of the borough residents were claiming income support which was lower than the London and national average. 2,137 households claimed universal credit with the majority being single adult households with no dependent children. Of those individuals claiming universal credit, 0.7% were in employment and 1.2% were not in employment. Richmond ranked 4th lowest borough in London for those claiming child benefit and the borough ranked 4th lowest in London for fuel poverty.
New-born male babies in Richmond are expected to live up to 82.6 years and female babies 86.3 years, an increase of 4 years in both since 2001–03. Richmond residents are living longer than ever before, and the borough’s figures have continued being higher than the London and England averages. Healthy life expectancy is 71.9 years among males and 69.7 years among females. In recent years, healthy life expectancy, that is life without serious illness, has decreased among females and increased among males.
In Richmond and nationally, life expectancy is lower in areas of higher deprivation within the borough. Males in the least deprived areas of the borough live 5.3 years longer and females 1.2 years longer than their counterparts in the most deprived areas of the borough.
Locally in 2020-22, there were 1,082 premature deaths with cardiovascular, cancer and heart disease as leading the causes. Preventable and premature deaths, deaths before 75 years, have dropped in Richmond over the past two decades but there is considerable room for improvement.
The majority of the local population in Richmond report leading happy, satisfied and worthwhile lives, better than the London average, however, there is a subset who reported low happiness, satisfaction, and high anxiety scores.
Richmond is home to an estimated 195,300 residents and is the second smallest borough within Outer London. By 2034, the borough’s population will rise to 206,080 with the largest increase seen within the 80+ year old residents. Out of the 32 London Boroughs, Richmond has the fourth smallest projected population in 2021 at 195,300 and the second smallest within Outer London.
In 2019, the borough’s population density was 3,496 per square kilometre which was lower than both the London average of 5,792 population per square kilometre and the Outer London average of 3,401 population per square kilometre. The Richmond ward with the greatest population density was Whitton, at 6,393 population per square kilometre, while the lowest was within the ward of Ham, Petersham & Richmond Riverside with a population density of 1,173 2.
Further detailed characteristics of Richmond’s population can be explored within the population section of DataRich
Note on population: We recommend using Greater London Authority (GLA) projections and population estimates. These are based on ONS estimates and projected new housing developments. Updates estimates and projections can be found on DataRich or on the GLA Datastore.
Similar to the trend in England and London, the population in Richmond is getting older, with the biggest growth in the 80+ age group. As shown in the figure below, the proportion of Richmond’s population in all age groups above 40 is substantially higher than the London average; this is in contrast to people aged 20–39 – they constitute a much smaller proportion of Richmond’s population than could be expected from the average London-wide figures. The proportion of children in Richmond is similar to the London average.
In Richmond in 2024, 100.0% (n=202,140) of the total population were 65 years old and over. The proportion of people aged 65+ in the borough is 0.0% higher than the London average of 100.0%.
Source: © GLA 2021-based demographic projections. Housing-led population projections. Past Delivery 10-year migration, 2023
The GLA population projections suggest that Richmond’s population will continue to grow but at a lower rate compared to other London Boroughs. Within 10 years’ time the population is predicted to increase by 1.9% from 202,141 in 2024 to 206,080 in 2034, compared with the projected population increase of 4.6% in London population by 2034.
As shown in the figure below, over the next 10 years:
Children and Young People: 0–19 year olds are projected to decrease by 10% in the next decade; the largest reduction of 22% is estimated in the number of children aged 10-14 years old (from 12,947 in 2024 to 10,160 in 2034). This decrease is also expected in London, where 10-14 years-olds are projected to decrease by 16% in the next decade, whilst the overall number of children and young people aged under 20 will reduce by 6% in London.
Young Adults: The 20–39 age group shows little change, with the projected decrease of 1.5% (from 47,084 in 2024 to 46,376 in 2034). This decrease is in contrast to 2% increase in London.
Middle Age: A 3% decrease is projected for the 40–59 age group by 2034 (from 62,338 in 2024 to 60,453 in 2034), in comparison with 4% increase in London.
Older Adults: The biggest increase is seen within the older age groups with a 21% rise in 60–79 year olds by 2034 (from 36,530 in 2024 to 44,178 in 2034) - compared with 23% increase in London - and a 39% rise in 80+ year olds (from 9,221 in 2024 to 12,858 in 2034). This is a larger increase than in London (30%) respectively.
With respect to population increases at ward level in the next decade (as shown in the figure below):
Source: © GLA 2016-based Demographic Projections, 2017
The borough’s population is made up of 52% females and 48% males.
The proportion of women and men are roughly equal across the life-course age-bands until later in life, as women experience longer life expectancy than men. By the time people are aged 85 years and over, there are more than twice as many women as men. There are estimated to be more females living alone in Richmond in 2024 than males and these numbers are projected to increase by 2029. Between 2018-20, there was less inequality in life expectancy (how much life expectancy varies with deprivation) amongst women at 1.2 years, compared to that experienced in men, 5.3 years.
Results from the annual population survey that took place between 2013–15, estimated that there were approx. 3,000 lesbian, gay and bi people living in Richmond which makes up 1.8% of the borough’s population. According to the LGBT in Britain - Home and Communities Report, only half of lesbian, gay and bisexual people and half of trans people feel able to open up about their sexual orientation or gender identity to everyone in their family. There is limited data on gender identity currently, this needs to be borne in mind when developing new services and conducting Equality Impact Assessments so that relevant data is collected, and any needs addressed.
Richmond’s populations median age is 41 years, higher than the median age for England (40) and much higher than the London figure of 35. Richmond also has the highest proportion of population aged 40+ years in London.
The maps in the table below show the distribution of age groups across wards within the borough. 19% of Richmond’s population is under 14 years of age, with the greatest proportion found in the ward of St Margarets and North Twickenham. St Margarets ward also has the highest proportion of 25–39 year olds and 40–49 year olds. The ward with the greatest proportion of 15–19 year old’s is South Twickenham, which also has the highest proportion of 20–24 year olds. Hampton Wick ward has the highest proportion of 50–64 year olds . 16% of the borough’s population are aged 65+ and Hampton ward has the highest proportion of 65–74 year olds, while Kew ward has the highest proportion of 75–84 and 85+ year olds.
Source: 2021 Census ONS Population Figures reported via DataRich Population Explorer.
Scale: Colour scale ranges from light (lower values) to dark (higher values).
Detailed breakdown of ethnic groups by age, gender, ward and LSOA, and projections up to 2050 can be found on DataRich.
The largest ethnic group in Richmond are those identifying as White British. Almost 1 in 6 identify as Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME), a lower proportion than is seen in London and outer London. BAME population is younger with a higher proportion of children and fewer older people. Richmond’s children’s population is 21% BAME vs. 16% BAME in the overall population.
Compared to London and Outer London, Richmond has much higher proportion of White British population.
More than 8 out of every 10 Richmond residents were White (British, Irish or other) (as shown in the figure below). Over two thirds of the local population were White British (66.3%), a much larger proportion than both Outer London (41.9%) and London (39%). 16% of the residents were from BAME groups, a much lower proportion than Outer London (43.5%) and London (43.3%).
In Richmond in 2024, 16.7% (n=34,759) of the total population were from BAME ethnic groups. The proportion of residents from BAME ethnic groups in the borough is 62.2% lower than the London average of 44.1%.
Source: 2021 Census ONS Population Figures reported via DataRich.
In Richmond, proportion of ethnic minority population is higher among younger age groups, and the increase in ethnic minority population between 2011 and 2021 has been greater in younger age groups.
• The 0-17 year old age group saw the largest increase in proportion of minority ethnic population of 7% points between 2011 and 2021. • After White ethnic group, residents from mixed ethnic group were the next most common group with 12% among 0-17 year olds. Within this ethnic population, ‘mixed White and Asian’ had the highest proportion of 0-17 year olds at 6%. • As the borough’s population grew older, the proportion of residents from minority ethnic groups decreased. In 2021, only 7% of the 65+ population were from minority ethnic groups; after White the highest proportion was the Asian population. • In 48% of households in Richmond, all household members identified as the same ethnic group. In 22% of households people from multiple ethnic groups were living together. Since 2011, there has been a 3% points increase in different ethnic groups in partnerships.
Compared to the BAME population in Richmond, the White population in Richmond is evenly spread across all the age groups. The largest proportion of the White population is in the 65+ age group (93%). The largest proportion of the BAME population is in the 0–19 (26%, the figure below).
Richmond is one of the least diverse local authorities in London with 16% of its population from non-white ethnic groups. Heathfield ward has the highest proportion of residents from BAME ethnic group at 30% (compared to the 14% for the borough), while Whitton is second highest at 21.5%. St Margaret’s and North Twickenham wards have the greatest proportion of the White/White British ethnic group at 88%.
Detailed geographic breakdown at Ward level and lower can be found on DataRich.
Source: Data Wand, Population Explorer
Scale: Colour scale ranges from light (lower values) to darker (higher values).
At the last UK census (2011), 95 respondents in Richmond reported their ethnicity as ‘White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller’, amounting to 0.1% of the Borough’s population. This matched the 2011 country-wide ‘White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller’ proportionate population (0.1%).
The Government Count of Gypsies and Travellers occurs twice annually, including both authorised and unauthorised sites. The information is supplied by local authorities, with the most recently published count taking place in January 2020. See the table below.
Source: Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities
Around a quarter of the local residents in Richmond were born outside the UK, a lower proportion than London but higher than England (the table below). Out of 195,278 residents living locally, 139,053 (71%) were born in the UK 3 (2011 Census = 76%). 56,225 (29%) of the borough population were born outside the UK. Compared to Outer London and London, Richmond had a lower proportion of residents born outside the UK.
Richmond has the 5th highest proportion of UK born residents in London 4.
A substantial proportion of migrants to Richmond are long-term migrants. Of the 56,225 Richmond residents not born in the UK, two fifths arrived between 2011-2021 and 24% arrived within the last five years.Compared to Outer London, a higher percentage of non-UK born local residents arrived in the country within the last 10 years (Richmond=41%, Outer London= 38%). Residents born in the Middle East and Asia make up a larger proportion of those arriving into England and Wales in the last 3 years and reflects a large international student population 5.
English is the main first language of the population of Richmond and English Proficiency is high 6.
According to the 2021 Census:
The 2021 Census showed that 45% of Richmond’s population were of Christian faith, compared with 55% ten years earlier (2011 Census). Muslim faith was the second most popular religion in 2021, at 4% - compared with 3% in 2011 Census.
Detailed breakdown, based on 2021 Census, at Ward and LSOA level, age and gender can be found on DataRich; the overall Richmond’s figures can be found in the table below.
Detailed breakdown, based on 2021 Census, at Ward and LSOA level, age and gender can be found on DataRich and in the table below. Marriage and civil partnership are described by reference to the legal definitions. It includes a person (or persons) who is (are) married or is (are) a civil partner (or civil partners).
In Richmond, according to 2021 Census, majority of residents were single (55.8%), unlike London (46.2%) and England (37.9%). This is likely due to younger age of the local population. Locally, around a third of the residents were married or in civil partnership (33%), which is lower than London (40%) and England (44.7%).
2021 Census has collected data on gender identity. The question was voluntary and only asked of people aged 16+ (n=155,834):
The number of children born in Richmond is decreasing (the figure below) and is projected to further decrease by 2034. Over 60% of the children born in Richmond are born to UK born mothers (60.2%). This is higher than the rate for Outer London (43.3%) but lower than the rate for England (70.9%).
More women are having home births in Richmond compared to Outer London and England. In 2017, 2.6% of births took place at home, compared to 1.4% in Outer London and 2.1% in England.
In 2017, the percentage of live births in Richmond born outside of a marriage or civil partnership was 28.7% of all live births in Richmond, lower compared to Outer London (36%) and England (47.6%).
Source: ONS NOMIS.
In 2022, 1,904 of live births within the borough were to UK born mothers, whilst 1,907 were to non-UK born mothers, the majority being from the EU (21%), Middle East and Asia (12%) and the rest of the world (9%) which includes The Americas and the Caribbean and Antarctica and Oceania 7.
Most births, 73%, in 2017 took place to couples who were married or in civil partnership and 17% (n=789) of live births were to couples who had joint registrations at the same addresses (but were not married) 8. A joint registration records details of both parents and requires them to both be present and 7% (n=339) of live births in 2017 were to joint registrations but different addresses. Locally, 4% (n=170) of live births were registered sole parents (records only the mother’s details).
According to the 2011 census, around one-fifth (32.6%; 26,008) of households were made up of one person living alone (the table below). Looking at adults aged 65 and over, the rate is twice as high – 67.9% are living alone (n=9,434). In this age group, the rate was lower than London (68.6%) but higher than the England average of 59.6%. Of this group, the largest number live in South Richmond (n=693) and Ham, Petersham and Richmond River (n=686) respectively. The smallest number (n=385) live in St Margarets and North Twickenham.
Lone-parent households with children (dependent and non-dependent) make up 7.8% of all households in Richmond, a lower proportion than London (12.7%) and England (10.6%). The rate of families married or in a same-sex civil partnership is higher in Richmond (35.7%) compared to both London (28.1%) and England (33.2%). Of the married or civil partnership couples, the biggest proportion (55.2%, n= 15,747) have dependent children, with fewer families made up of children that are all non-dependant (12.4%, n= 3,532).
In Richmond, the largest proportion of cohabiting couples with no children live in in South Richmond (9.2%, n=517). The lowest proportion of such households live in Heathfield (2.2%, n=127).
The Annual Population Survey (APS) ask residents questions on life satisfaction, how worthwhile people feel, whether people were happy yesterday, and how anxious people were yesterday. Respondents gave a score of 0 to 10 where 0 is “not at all” and 10 is “completely”.
Most of the local population report leading happy and worthwhile lives, scoring better than the London average, but there is a subset of around one in five who reported low happiness, satisfaction, and high anxiety scores.
Self-reported well-being - high satisfaction score: % of respondents: In 2020/21, Richmond’s rate was 79.0%, which was the 7th highest in London, 3.5% higher than the England average and 0.0% higher than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2020/21 was also 2.4% lower than in 2011/12, in comparison with 0.6% increase in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Source: OHID: Public Health Profiles
Self-reported well-being - high happiness score: % of respondents: In 2020/21, Richmond’s rate was 68.3%, which was the 8th lowest in London, 5.0% lower than the England average and 0.0% higher than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2020/21 was also 5.1% lower than in 2011/12, in comparison with 1.2% increase in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Self reported wellbeing: people with a low happiness score: In 2022/23, Richmond’s rate was 8.8%, which was the 15th highest in London, 0.7% lower than the England average and 3.7% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2022/23 was also 24.6% lower than in 2011/12, in comparison with 17.4% decrease in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Self reported wellbeing: people with a low satisfaction score: In 2022/23, Richmond’s rate was 3.9%, which was the 11th lowest in London, 30.9% lower than the England average and 33.2% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2022/23 was also 19.9% lower than in 2011/12, in comparison with 13.6% decrease in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Self reported wellbeing: people with a low worthwhile score: In 2022/23, Richmond’s rate was 3.0%, which was the 11th lowest in London, 32.8% lower than the England average and 34.3% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2022/23 was also 38.8% lower than in 2011/12, in comparison with 7.1% decrease in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Richmond upon Thames has a thriving and vibrant voluntary sector with over 800 local voluntary organisations providing services and activities.
In Richmond, the percentage of people reporting volunteering in the latest available reporting period dropped to 28% (2013/14–2015/16) compared to 49% (2010/11–2012/13). In London, the percentage has remained steady around 25% 9.
The natural change in population is made up of births minus deaths and is the largest component of population increase. In 2018, there were 2,376 births and 1,209 deaths in Richmond. Over the past 10 years there have been 30,223 births and 12,979 deaths, leading to an overall increase of 17,244.
Over the past 10 years, population increase was driven by Richmond having the second highest rate of natural change (more births than deaths) in London. Over the next 10 years, net natural change will continue with further contribution from migration from other parts of London and the UK to new housing developments.
The second biggest component effecting the population change in Richmond is international migration. Over 10 years, this has created an overall increase of 3,005 people, with 23,778 International Migrants moving in and 20,773 people moving out. In 2018 there was a greater inflow of international migrants than outflow (an overall increase of 832). This is a trend that has been consistent throughout the ten-year period, with the exception of the years 2009 and 2012 (net migration was -21 and -406 respectively). Overall, the international migration into Richmond has been decreasing.
Internal Migration: The third biggest component effecting this change is internal migration (residential moves between local authorities) with a net change of -2,664 over 10 years. In the ten-year period 150,169 moved into the borough and 152,833 moved out. In 2018, the number of Internal migrations into Richmond (residential moving between different local authorities) was 14,806, and the number of outflows was 15,588. The greatest number of moves into the borough was seen from the boroughs of Hounslow (n= 1,610), Richmond (n= 1,128), Kingston Upon Thames (n= 704) and Hammersmith and Fulham (n= 613) . The greatest number of moves out of the borough was to Hounslow (n= 1,262), Kingston Upon Thames (n= 893) and Elmbridge (n= 673).
European migration to Richmond, London and England has increased in 2021 Census, when compared with 2011 Census:
• 1 in 3 local residents were born outside the UK. • 46% of non-UK born residents were from European countries. • Top non-UK places of birth were residents from other European countries, India, residents from other EU member countries and the US. There was a decrease in those born in Ireland, South Africa and Germany. • 4 in 5 local residents hold UK passports. 9% of residents held EU passports (excluding Ireland) • Almost 40% of non-UK born residents had arrived in the UK in the last 10 years. • 2 in 3 non-UK born residents were 18-44 years when they arrived in the country. Very few were older adults. This was likely due to migration for work and studies being the predominant reasons. • Despite COVID restrictions, 1 in 10 Richmond residents had moved in the year preceding the Census.
This describes estimated net effect of changes to special populations during the twelve months to mid-year. Special populations comprise prisoner, armed forces and their overseas based dependent populations. This includes estimated population change not attributed to a specific cause in the twelve months to mid-year and small adjustments necessary to account for issues such as minor LA boundary changes and large postcode areas that overlap LA boundaries. These cases account for a change of -3,102 from 2008–2018.
Over the past 10 years, population increase was driven by Richmond having the second highest rate of natural change (more births than deaths) in London, and net positive international migration. Over the next 10 years, net natural change will continue with further contribution from migration of other parts of London and the UK to new housing developments.
In 2018, there were 3,058 new GP registrations locally for individuals whose previous address was outside UK, this was lower than 2014–2017 when registration averaged around 3,200. New registrations are not an ideal indicator of migration but are useful in terms of planning GP services. The borough ranked 28 out of 33 in terms of highest GP registrations in London.
Please note people can register with a GP that is not in their own Borough and these registrations also include those who may be British but lived outside UK for more than three months.
National insurance number registrations indicate the nationality of adult international migrants into Richmond. In the year to June 2019, the number of national insurance number (NINos) allocations to adult overseas nationals entering Richmond was 2,454, a 16% increase from the June 2018 figure of 2,113. 56% were allocated to EU nationals, 10% to other European nationals, 15% were Asian, and 19% were from the rest of the world. This indicates that working-age migrants now are more likely to be EU nationals. During the financial year 2018/19, there were 2,160 national insurance numbers registered to overseas nationals 10.
The highest number of NINos registered to adult non-UK nationals in Richmond, during 2018/19, were Italian 9% (n=196), 7% Romanian (n=150), 6% Spanish (n=122) and 5% Turkish (n=115) residents 11.
Life expectancy shows us the estimated length of life a person would expect to live based on contemporary mortality rates. It is an estimate of the average number of years a newborn baby would survive if he/she experienced the age-specific mortality rates for that area in a defined time period.
In general, people in Richmond live longer than the national and London averages. Females in the borough live 3.8 years longer than males, but a decline in healthy life expectancy (average number of years a person would expect to live in good health based on contemporary mortality rates and prevalence of self-reported good health) in females between 2013–15 and 2015–17 means that women spend longer in poor health than previously and spend longer in poor health than men.
Variations in life expectancy across the borough are driven by inequalities between more deprived and less deprived areas. These are most evident in the 60 to 79 age group and are mainly driven by cancer and cardiovascular disease.
Richmond performs similarly to the national and regional averages for nearly all causes of premature mortality in men and women, but rates are still higher amongst males in the borough compared to females. Incidentally, the proportion of people screened for conditions such as cancer in the borough is low compared to the national average, but those undergoing NHS Health Checks was better than the national average.
Life expectancy at birth provides information on the estimated length of life a newborn baby would survive if he/she experienced the age-specific mortality rates for that area and time throughout his/her life.
Life expectancy at birth: In 2020 - 22, Richmond’s rate was 82.4 years, which was the highest in London, 4.5% higher than the England average and 4.1% higher than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2020 - 22 was also 5.1% higher than in 2001 - 03, in comparison with 3.5% increase in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Life expectancy at birth: In 2020 - 22, Richmond’s rate was 85.8 years, which was the 2nd highest in London, 3.6% higher than the England average and 2.6% higher than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2020 - 22 was also 4.4% higher than in 2001 - 03, in comparison with 2.6% increase in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Life expectancy at 65 is an estimate of the average number of years at age 65 a person would survive if he or she experienced the age-specific mortality rates for that area and time throughout his or her life after that age.
Life expectancy at 65: In 2020 - 22, Richmond’s rate was 20.3 years, which was the highest in London, 10.2% higher than the England average and 10.7% higher than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2020 - 22 was also 17.4% higher than in 2001 - 03, in comparison with 12.9% increase in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Life expectancy at 65: In 2020 - 22, Richmond’s rate was 22.9 years, which was the 2nd highest in London, 9.3% higher than the England average and 7.3% higher than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2020 - 22 was also 14.9% higher than in 2001 - 03, in comparison with 8.7% increase in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Healthy life expectancy is the number of years that a person is expected to continue to live in a healthy condition free of disability or poor health.
Healthy life expectancy at birth: In 2018 - 20, Richmond’s rate was 70.2 years, which was the highest in London, 11.2% higher than the England average and 10.1% higher than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2018 - 20 was also 2.0% higher than in 2009 - 11, in comparison with 0.2% increase in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Healthy life expectancy at birth: In 2018 - 20, Richmond’s rate was 68.9 years, which was the 4th highest in London, 7.8% higher than the England average and 6.0% higher than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2018 - 20 was also 1.5% lower than in 2009 - 11, in comparison with 0.3% decrease in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Healthy life expectancy at 65: In 2018 - 20, Richmond’s rate was 13.3 years, which was the 4th highest in London, 26.3% higher than the England average and 28.7% higher than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2018 - 20 was also 14.3% higher than in 2009 - 11, in comparison with 5.8% increase in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Healthy life expectancy at 65: In 2018 - 20, Richmond’s rate was 11.0 years, which was the 16th lowest in London, 3.0% lower than the England average and 1.3% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2018 - 20 was also 12.0% lower than in 2009 - 11, in comparison with 6.6% increase in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
The table below presents latest life expectancy indicators for Richmond, London and England. Richmond’s values are higher than the London average for male healthy life expectancy at birth and healthy life expectancy at 65 for males and females. For all other indicators Richmond’s figures are below the London average.
Source OHID Public Health Profiles. Life Expectancy Indicators, 2018-20.
As shown in the figure below, male life expectancy at birth has steadily increased by 1.1 years between 2009–11 (81.3 years) and 2017–19 (82.4 years); the latest 2018-20 figure has dropped to 82.0 years.
Male healthy life expectancy at birth has fluctuated yearly between 2009-11 (68.8 years) and 2018-20 (70.2 years). Male healthy life expectancy at birth was the highest in 2016-18 (71.9 years). in 2018-20, 14.5 of male years of life were lived in poor health.
Female life expectancy at birth increased by 0.5 year between 2009–11 (85.6 years) and 2018-20 (86.1 years). Female healthy life expectancy at birth decreased by 1 year between 2009–11 (69.9 years) and 2018-20 (68.9 years). Since 2017-19 there has been a slight increase in the number of years of life lived in poor health for females - the figure for 2018-20 (14.5 in 2018-20 compared with 14.4 in 2017-19).
Inequality in life expectancy at birth: In 2018 - 20, Richmond’s rate was 5.3 years, which was the 3rd lowest in London, 45.4% lower than the England average and 29.3% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2018 - 20 was also 8.6% lower than in 2010 - 12, in comparison with 6.6% increase in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Inequality in life expectancy at birth: In 2018 - 20, Richmond’s rate was 1.2 years, which was the lowest in London, 84.8% lower than the England average and 77.8% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2018 - 20 was also 69.2% lower than in 2010 - 12, in comparison with 16.2% increase in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
OHID Segment Tool provides information on the causes of death and age groups that are driving inequalities in life expectancy locally. If the causes of death that contribute most to the gap in life expectancy are targeted, then inequalities should be reduced. The two figures below show contributions to the local life expectancy gap in years and as a proportion of the overall gap.
Source: OHID Segment Tool
The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 12 study was used to assess the rates of leading causes of deaths in Richmond. The study describes mortality and morbidity from major diseases, injuries and risk factors to health at global, national and regional levels. Examining trends from 1990 to the present and making comparisons across populations enables us to understand the changing health challenges facing people across the world.
The figure below expresses the leading causes of deaths in the borough by age band in 2019. Overall, the mortality is skewed towards older ages. Top causes are ischaemic heart disease, Alzheimer’s, lung cancer, COPD, and lower respiratory infections. Injuries, including self-harm are a major cause of death among those under 40 and heart disease is the main cause of premature mortality (deaths before 75).
Source: Global Burden of Disease, 2019
Under 75 mortality rate from all causes: In 2020 - 22, Richmond’s rate was 220.8 per 100,000 (n=1082), which was the lowest in London, 37.9% lower than the England average and 35.8% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2020 - 22 was also 42.2% lower than in 2001 - 03, in comparison with 21.4% decrease in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Under 75 mortality rate from all causes: In 2020 - 22, Richmond’s rate was 274.1 per 100,000 (n=637), which was the lowest in London, 37.4% lower than the England average and 37.7% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2020 - 22 was also 41.2% lower than in 2001 - 03, in comparison with 22.5% decrease in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Under 75 mortality rate from all causes: In 2020 - 22, Richmond’s rate was 172.8 per 100,000 (n=445), which was the lowest in London, 37.7% lower than the England average and 32.6% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2020 - 22 was also 43.3% lower than in 2001 - 03, in comparison with 20.4% decrease in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
People with serious mental health illness, such as bipolar and schizophrenia, are at an increased risk of premature mortality. In Richmond, the extent to which adults with a serious mental illness die prematurely compared to adults in the general population is 322% higher. Nationally, most of these deaths are due to cardiovascular disease and cancer. These findings in part reflect the higher rates of smoking, alcohol use and substance use among those with serious mental health illness 13.
Under 75 mortality rate from all circulatory diseases: In 2020 - 22, Richmond’s rate was 47.3 per 100,000 (n=229), which was the lowest in London, 37.8% lower than the England average and 36.7% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2020 - 22 was also 53.0% lower than in 2001 - 03, in comparison with 44.9% decrease in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer: In 2020 - 22, Richmond’s rate was 86.0 per 100,000 (n=418), which was the 3rd lowest in London, 30.2% lower than the England average and 22.8% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2020 - 22 was also 46.2% lower than in 2001 - 03, in comparison with 27.3% decrease in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Under 75 mortality rate from respiratory disease: In 2020 - 22, Richmond’s rate was 12.2 per 100,000 (n=57), which was the lowest in London, 57.9% lower than the England average and 52.1% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2020 - 22 was also 62.5% lower than in 2001 - 03, in comparison with 27.5% decrease in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Preventable mortality describes causes of death which are considered preventable. These are causes where all or most deaths could potentially be prevented by public health interventions in the broadest sense.
In 2021 the highest number of preventable deaths in Richmond were due to cancer (n=72), cardiovascular diseases (n=40), liver disease (n=36) and respiratory conditions (n=19) All these conditions are affected by health behaviours, such as smoking. For all disease categories, preventable mortality in males almost doubles the rate of mortality in females; this inequality is especially visible in preventable cardiovascular mortality where men’s rate almost triples women’s rate 44.8/100,000 population vs. 17.4/100,000 population (the table belw). For all cardiovascular and cancer preventable mortality indicators, Richmond’s rates are higher than England’s–except of female preventable mortality from cancer.
Under 75 mortality rate from causes considered preventable: In 2020 - 22, Richmond’s rate was 100.8 per 100,000 (n=496), which was the lowest in London, 41.2% lower than the England average and 40.5% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2020 - 22 was also 36.0% lower than in 2001 - 03, in comparison with 10.9% decrease in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Under 75 mortality rate from circulatory diseases considered preventable: In 2020 - 22, Richmond’s rate was 18.9 per 100,000 (n=91), which was the lowest in London, 37.2% lower than the England average and 36.3% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2020 - 22 was also 56.1% lower than in 2001 - 03, in comparison with 50.5% decrease in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer considered preventable: In 2020 - 22, Richmond’s rate was 29.5 per 100,000 (n=141), which was the lowest in London, 41.7% lower than the England average and 33.3% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2020 - 22 was also 55.0% lower than in 2001 - 03, in comparison with 27.5% decrease in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Under 75 mortality rate from liver disease considered preventable: In 2020 - 22, Richmond’s rate was 9.5 per 100,000 (n=50), which was the lowest in London, 49.3% lower than the England average and 42.1% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2020 - 22 was also 52.1% lower than in 2001 - 03, in comparison with 33.1% increase in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Fraction of mortality attributable to particulate air pollution (new method): In 2022, Richmond’s rate was 6.8%, which was the 7th lowest in London, 16.2% higher than the England average and 5.2% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2022 was also 20.8% lower than in 2018, in comparison with 17.7% decrease in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Mortality rate from a range of specified communicable diseases, including influenza: In 2020 - 22, Richmond’s rate was 7.6 per 100,000 (n=38), which was the 4th lowest in London, 25.8% lower than the England average and 26.1% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2020 - 22 was also 39.6% lower than in 2001 - 03, in comparison with 12.4% increase in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Richmond ranks amongst the least deprived boroughs in London for five of seven deprivation domains of the Index of Multiple Deprivation, IMD (Income; Employment; Education, Skills & Training; Barriers to Housing & Services and Education). In line with many other London boroughs, Richmond’s Living Environment and Crime domain rankings were amongst its most poorly ranked IMD domains. Richmond has one of the most highly educated populations in the country with 1 in 3 residents educated to a degree level or above. Pupils attending schools in Richmond achieve above and beyond the London and England average in terms of educational attainment.
Employment rate in the borough exceeded that of London and England at 79%. Residents are much more likely to be managers, professionals and in technical jobs (72.5%) compared to London (58.1%) working part-time, are self-employed or work in the private sector.
Many Richmond pupils attend independent schools, the borough has the second largest independent school cohort in outer London and the fourth largest in London. Despite this, state-funded primary and secondary schools in Richmond are some of the largest importers of pupils in London, whilst local pupils are also more likely to stay in-borough to attend school.
More information on education can be found in Start Well chapter.
In 2022/23 school year, the number of pupils attending Richmond schools with special educational needs (SEN) was 4,353 (11.0%) - an increase from 10% in 2015/16. The latest figure for Richmond was lower than the London (12.1%) and England (13.0%) averages14.
Pupils with special educational needs (SEN): % of school pupils with special educational needs: In 2022/23, Richmond’s rate was 14.2% (n=5622), which was the 6th lowest in London, 17.9% lower than the England average and 14.5% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2022/23 was also 13.6% higher than in 2015/16, in comparison with 20.1% increase in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
More details on education, educational attainment of school-aged children as well as on special educational needs (SEN) can be found in Start Well section.
The proportion of Richmond’s population achieving degree or equivalent is much higher than the England average. 66.5% of residents have degree education or above, almost double the England level of 36.8% (as shown in the below below). This higher level of educational attainment explains higher levels of income and employment in the borough and why almost 70% of the population work as managers, directors and in professional occupations. The percentage of the local population that have no qualifications has dropped from 7.7% in 2004 to 1.4% in 2021.
Source: DataRich
In 2022 inn Richmond, 89.2% of those aged 16 to 64 were in employment. This was above both the London (76.2%) and England (75.8%) employment rates 15.
Proportionally, the employment and economic activity rates are lower amongst females in the borough compared to males - this pattern is observed nationwide.
Richmond residents are much more likely to be in managerial, professional and technical occupations (72.5%) compared to London (58.1%) and England (47.6%). Locally, there is a lower proportion of residents carrying out administrative, service, manufacturing and skilled trade occupations compared to the regional and national averages. Less than 5% are employed in elementary occupations.
ONS analysis found that 7.4% of jobs in England are at high risk of automation i.e. replacing tasks currently done by workers with technology which could include computer programs, algorithms or even robots. The risk of automation tends to be higher for lower skilled roles - the three occupations at highest risk are waiters/waitresses, shelf fillers and elementary sales occupations 16. A relatively small proportion of Richmond residents are in elementary, sales and customer service occupations (8.5%), therefore the risk of automation to the local population is relatively lower than regionally (13.8%) and nationally (17.3%).
Richmond is one of the most affluent areas in London, this is supported by the London Poverty Profile which ranks London boroughs on key poverty and inequality indicators. Richmond ranks relatively highly for most indicators, including Low Pay and Poverty. Only 11% of employed residents earn less than the London Living Wage - the joint lowest percentage in London. Additionally, the poverty rate (15%) is the lowest in London, as is the child poverty rate (14%).
However, Richmond is ranked as the worst borough in London for worklessness with a 0.6% increase in unemployment over three years - the highest rise of any borough whilst the London rate reduced by 2.1% over the same period. Richmond is also amongst the 16 best ranking boroughs for GCSE attainment of disadvantaged pupils (with the largest attainment gap in London at 31 percentage points), income inequality, affordable housing delivery and infant mortality 17.
The Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE) estimates that Richmond residents working full-time earned £43,118 in 2019. This is amongst the top five annual earnings in London and England.
Between 2007 and 2017, the median weekly income (in real terms, after adjusting for inflation) of all London workers dropped by 8.3%. However, those working in Richmond saw a larger decrease at 10.3% 18.
In 2022, an estimated 16% (10,000) of employees in Richmond were earning less than £11.05 per hour, which was considered the London Living Wage (LLW). This proportion is amongst the lowest half of London boroughs, since 2008 the proportion of people earning less than the LLW has increased from 15% (9,000) 19.
Gender pay gap is measured by the absolute difference between median gross hourly earnings (excluding overtime) of men and women as a proportion of median gross hourly earnings (excluding overtime) of men, presented as a percentage. The positive indicator value means that the median men earnings are higher than women by the specified percentage.
Gender pay gap (by workplace location): In 2023, Richmond’s rate was 25.5%, which was the 2nd highest in London, 64.5% higher than the England average and 87.5% higher than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2023 was also 71.1% higher than in 2011, in comparison with 26.5% decrease in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
Income support is intended to help people on low incomes. Eligible claimants are those who are:
Of the borough’s 16-64-year-old population, 0.5% (650) were claiming income support in November 2018. The rate has consistently fallen since August 2004 (3.1%) and is lower than the London (1.1%) and England (1.2%) averages . 20.
Universal credit is a payment that helps with living costs. Those claiming are either on low income or out of work. During November 2018, 0.7% (835) 21 individuals aged 16-64 in employment were claiming universal credit, this was lower than the London average of 1.2%. 1.2% (1,539) not in employment were claiming universal credit, lower than the London average of 2%. Of the 2,137 households on universal credit, 58% (1,236) were single adult households with no dependent child while 29% (625) were single adult households with dependant(s). This is similar to the ’Universal Credit roll-Out 2018–19 briefing paper by the House of Commons which stated that, as of December 2017, around 75% of households in Great Britain on Universal credit are single adult households with no children. By November 2019, 3,705 households in Richmond were claiming Universal credit.
Child benefit is usually paid to those responsible for children (aged under 16). In 2018, 14,975 families in Richmond were receiving child benefit (4th lowest borough in London)- since 2012, this number has fallen by 37% from 23,880 families. A similar picture could be seen across London which also saw a 10% decline of families receiving child benefit between 2012 and 2019 . The majority of families receiving child benefit had one child, 51% (7,680) and 38% (5,645) had two children. Across London, 52% of families receiving child benefit had one child and 37% had two children.
End Child Poverty estimates that 12.4% of children in Richmond were living in poverty in 2021/22 (before taking housing costs into account), this was the smallest proportion of all London boroughs and a 5.6% decrease from 2015/16 (compared with 4% decrease in the London proportion in the same time period. Once housing costs are considered, a fifth (21%) of children in the borough are estimated to be living in poverty, the joint lowest proportion in London. Within the borough, Heathfield; Barnes; Hampton North; Mortlake and Barnes Common; and Ham, Petersham and Richmond Riverside are the wards with the highest proportion of children living in poverty (table below).
Source: End Child Poverty, Poverty in Your Area.
More information on child poverty indicators can be found in Start Well section.
The Survey of Londoners estimates 13% of adults in Richmond to be living in low or very low food security, this means that they forgo a balanced diet, cut size the size of meals or skip meals because money is not available for the necessary food. Proportionately, fewer adults are food insecure compared to 19% in Outer London and 21% in London 22.
Fuel poverty (low income, low energy efficiency methodology): In 2022, Richmond’s rate was 8.8% (n=7632), which was the 4th lowest in London, 32.6% lower than the England average and 15.6% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2022 was also 17.1% lower than in 2019, in comparison with 2.8% decrease in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
In England, 20% of ethnic minority households live in fuel poverty compared to 10% of households from white ethnic groups. Lone parents with dependent children experienced a higher rate of fuel poverty at 25% compared to couples with dependent children, 15%. A higher rate of fuel poverty was seen amongst those who were unemployed, 32%, compared to those in part-time work, 17%, and in full-time work, 8%.
Richmond is estimated to have the lowest unemployment rate in London (3.5%) (not including City of London) in the 12 months to June 2019. In 2011, the wards with the highest unemployment rates were Heathfield (4.3%) and Ham, Petersham and Richmond Riverside (4.2%) while South Richmond had the lowest (1.9%). The borough also has the lowest claimant count in London in October 2019 with 2,165 (1.7%) people claiming out of work benefits (the table below).
Whilst not working is the correct option for some residents, staying out of work can sometimes contribute to worsening health outcomes. A greater proportion of economically inactive individuals want a job in Richmond (28.5%) compared to London (20.7%) and Great Britain (20.7%).
*-estimates may be unreliable Source: London Datastore, 2017,2018, 2019.
A person has a disability if he/she has a physical or mental impairment which has a substantial and long-term adverse effect on that person’s ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities. The 2011 Census indicated that 11.5% (21,447) of the borough’s population had long-term health conditions (some of which will be mental health conditions) or disabilities. This was lower than the London average of 14.2%. In 2018/19 there were an estimated 620 (0.3%) patients with learning disabilities recorded on Richmond practice disease registers.
In 2017, the proportion of primary, secondary and special school children identified as having a learning disability in the borough was 4.4% (1,164), which was similar to the London average and lower than the England average of 5.6%.
Adults (18+ yrs) with learning disability receiving long- term support from local authorities (per 1,000 population): In 2019/20, Richmond’s rate was 3.1 per 1,000 (n=470), which was the 12th highest in London, 10.7% lower than the England average and 0.0% higher than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2019/20 was also 2.9% higher than in 2014/15, in comparison with 5.6% increase in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
A child or young person has SEND if they have a learning difficulty or disability which calls for special educational provision to be made for him/her. According to the 2019 school census, 12.4% of the pupil population (3,442) with SEND live or were educated in the borough. Of the 0–19 ward population, Hampton North ward had the highest percentage of pupils with SEND at 17.3% (203) followed by Heathfield ward, 16% (224).
As at March 2019, there were 1381 children and young people with Education Health and Care Plan (EHCP) in the borough; it is estimated that this number will increase to at least 1,596 in 2022. The largest proportion of children with EHCPs are in 9–11 year olds followed by 15–17 year olds, with higher proportions seen amongst boys than girls. Generally, there are more children with SEND support living in Richmond wards compared to those with an EHCP . In 2018, 17.6% of Children Looked After had SEND support (but not an EHCP) compared with 29% nationally.
The long-term increasing trend in domestic abuse continued, with a 2.3% rise over 12 months. The overall increases are believed to be heavily influenced by an improvement in police recording practices and a change in victim reporting and this is supported by the crime survey for England and Wales which shows a gradual reduction in domestic abuse since March 2012.
232 (Multi Agency Risk Assessment Conference) MARAC cases were heard over the past 12 months, a 7% reduction on the previous 12-month period. 25% of cases involved a BME victim. Mental health and substance misuse were a common theme among victims and suspects. Performance outcomes for MARAC show large reductions in police involvement following an initial MARAC meeting.
Violent crime - sexual offences per 1,000 population: In 2022/23, Richmond’s rate was 1.3 per 1,000 (n=253), which was the lowest in London, 56.1% lower than the England average and 48.7% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2022/23 was also 165.4% higher than in 2010/11, in comparison with 250.4% increase in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
In the latest 12 monthly data, there were minimal changes in the number of victims of crime aged 10–17 (n=691) but falls in the number of young suspect(s) (n=1,024) and young person(s) accused of crime (n=121). Nevertheless, young people, particularly those aged 10–17 remain disproportionally affected by crime in Richmond. For young victims, this is most evident within the crime types of violence, sexual offences and robbery. Young victims and suspects are most common for crimes occurring in the borough’s main town centre wards.
More crime statistics related to children and young people can be found in Start Well chapter.
Locally, and regionally, there was an increase in reports of homophobic hate crime, which in Richmond increased to 39 vs. 17 reports the year before, returning to a similar level as that seen two years prior.
Homelessness: households in temporary accommodation: In 2022/23, Richmond’s rate was 5.1 per 1,000 (n=432), which was the 14th lowest in London, 22.1% higher than the England average and 68.2% lower than the London average. The latest Borough figure for 2022/23 was also 63.1% higher than in 2020/21, in comparison with 3.2% increase in England’s rate in the equivalent time period.
The ONS has published experimental data on the number of deaths of homeless people in England and Wales, which estimates there were 726 deaths in 2018, up 22% on the previous year. The data also identifies that Richmond had 2 deaths in 2018, prior to that there had been no deaths identified since 2013 apart from one death that occurred during that year23.
Rough sleeping counts and estimates are single night snapshots of the number of people sleeping rough in local authority areas. Local authorities decide whether to carry out a count or an estimate. They are encouraged to gain intelligence for street counts and estimates from local agencies such as outreach workers, the police, the voluntary sector and faith groups who have contact with rough sleeper on the street.
An annual report by GLA presents information about people seen rough sleeping by outreach teams in London. Information in this report is derived from the Combined Homelessness and Information Network (CHAIN), a multi-agency database recording information about rough sleepers and the wider street population in London. Rough sleeping numbers in the borough increased from previous year to 128 rough sleepers in 2018/19. This increased by 21 people compared to 2017/18 (107 people seen rough sleeping that year)24. Richmond ranks 26/32 comparing the total number of rough sleepers per borough in London. Increase in rough sleeping has been seen across London and particularly in Inner London boroughs; London has seen rough sleeping increase by 141% since 2009/10.
Among the rough sleepers in 2018/19, 66% are UK nationals, 17% are from Central and Eastern European Countries and 7% are from other European Countries. 108 (84%) were males and 20 (16%) females. Out of those assessed for their support needs, 54% had alcohol support needs, 52% drugs and 52% mental health. 15% reported no alcohol, drugs or mental health support needs.
Victimisation of the elderly has increased in Richmond over the past three years. Coupled with an ageing population, victimisation of the elderly could become a bigger future issue.
London Datastore. Births by Mother’s Country of Birth in London. 2019. URL: London Datastore. Births by Mother’s Country of Birth in London. 2019)↩︎
London Data Store, Land Area and Population Density,2001–2050. Data used: 2019. URL: https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/land-area-and-population-density-ward-and-borough↩︎
DataRich: 2021 Census data analysis↩︎
DataRich. URL: https://www.DataRich.info/population/#/view-report/63aeddf1d7fc44b8b4dffcd868e84eac/___iaFirstFeature/G3 ↩︎
Office of National Statistics, Parents’ country of birth. 2022. URL: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/livebirths/datasets/parentscountryofbirth ↩︎
Office of National Statistics, Birth characteristics, 2017. URL: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/livebirths/datasets/birthcharacteristicsinenglandandwales ↩︎
London Data Store. Volunteering Work Among Adults, 2008-2016. Data used: 2016. URL: London Data Store. Volunteering Work Among Adults , 2008-2016. Data used: 2016↩︎
Department for Work and Pensions, National Insurance number allocation, June 2019. URL: https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/national-insurance-number-allocations-to-adult-overseas-nationals-entering-the-uk ↩︎
London Datastore. National Insurance Number Registrations of Overseas Nationals, Borough, MSOA. 2002/03 to 2018/19. Data used 2018/19. URL: https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/national-insurance-number-registrations-overseas-nationals-borough ↩︎
The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME): GBD Compare, 2020↩︎
De Hert M et al. Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders. I. Prevalence, impact of medications and disparities in health care. World Psychiatry. 2011;10(1):52–77. URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3048500 ↩︎
GOV.UK. Education Statistics. URL: https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/data-tables/special-educational-needs-in-england/2022-23?subjectId=cf98350a-9fba-4854-9634-08db70394ab1 ↩︎
DataRich. Economy Report for Richmond. URL: https://www.DataRich.info/economy-and-employment/#/view-report/9e93e3faae4c449084e459fcd86e88d0/___iaFirstFeature/G3 ↩︎
ONS ONS Which occupations are at higher risk of being automated? 2017↩︎
Trust for London, London’s Poverty Profile - Richmond↩︎
London Datastore: Work Place based median earnings (Gross Weekly), by Full time and Gender (ONS), 2017↩︎
London Datastore Employees earning below the London Living Wage (LLW). 2018.↩︎
London Datastore. Income Support Claimants, 1999-2018. Data used: 2018. URL: https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/income-support-claimants-borough ↩︎
Stat-Xplore Universal credit. URL: https://stat-xplore.dwp.gov.uk/webapi/jsf/login.xhtml?invalidSession=true&reason=Session+not+established ↩︎
London Datastore Survey of Londoners 2019 Headline Findings: Food Security↩︎
ONS. Deaths of homeless people in England and Wales: 2018. 2013-2018. Data used: 2017-2018↩︎
London Data Store, Rough sleeping in London (CHAIN reports), 2014-2019, Data used: 2017-2019↩︎
Up to: Joint Strategic Needs Assessment (JSNA)
Updated: 04 November 2024
Stay up to date! Make sure you subscribe to our email updates.
